Facade is the face of every construction object. The word facade i comes from the Latin facies - face. Like every face, and the face of a building it can be attractive, the existing one can be improved or completely changes. In parallel with the development of the construction industry, they also developed facades, both in terms of their shape and method of production. One of the main ones one of the tasks of every architect is the design of the facade. The goal is to attracts the attention of the observer - the buyer. Well designed facade recommends an interesting interior and at the same time suggests quality fulfilled technical characteristics.
Buildings are constantly exposed to a wide variety of weather conditions influences: extreme temperatures, rain, snow, wind. Nice facade it must be able to face natural disasters, such as is hail or extremely strong wind, but also with fire.
We evaluate the facade based on the following characteristics: type of insulation, the quality of the material in which it is made, the method of installation, etc. The choice of facade is dictated by the available material resources, the type of building and aesthetic requirements. One of the basic tasks of the facade is the best possible thermal insulation. High heating costs, globally warming and protection of the human environment forced the adoption of strict laws and regulations for different thermal insulation systems for residential and business facilities
Facades made of glass, aluminum, stainless steel, stone and granite ceramics, already have a long tradition, and today they are standard solutions, both in the world and in our country. For the last ten years in A large number of modern facade constructions were realized in Belgrade represent exceptional accomplishments even by world standards. Today different types of facades are used, and the basic division is according to type system of the facade itself, which can be made of heavy or light materials lining elements. The basic division of facades also includes that according to material from which it is made, so we distinguish between: styrofoam facades, wooden, glass, aluminum facades and facades made of heavy cladding elements, stone, brick and ceramic tiles.
Aluminum glass facades belong to facades derived from light lining elements and are divided into two basic types. They represent the first type the so-called aluminum structural facades with which it is obtained uniform glass surface and are almost exclusively reserved for skyscrapers. The second type is aluminum semi-structural facades. To them glass also dominates, but aluminum is also more or less visible the supporting structure of the facade, i.e. verticals and horizontals. With this one type of facades, the use of thermal insulating glass is common contains reflective or parsol effects (in color). When the glass exposed to direct sunlight, we recommend thermo insulating glass Clima Guard Solar filled with Argon which is resistant to warming up. We also break the thermal bridge of aluminum profiles increasing the thermal insulation of the building. This solution is relative expensive due to complicated connections and high cost of installed materials, however, considerable savings are realized during the use of the facility because uses incomparably less energy for heating and cooling. Classic the glass facade is formed from horizontal and vertical supports aluminum profiles that are visible in full size on the facade. The windows open around the vertical and/or around the lower horizontal axis.
The advantages are good sealing, classic opening and simple maintenance. The disadvantage of this solution is the external visual difference movable than fixed parts, but this detail can be be used when designing the facade. When designing glass facade tendency is for aluminum profiles to be as little visible as possible, and glass surfaces as large as possible. That is why the elements of the supporting structure curtain walls are hidden behind glass. Because you don't get a guarantee the durability of the glue, the consequence is the less frequent use of structural facades, a more common semi-structural, where there are aluminum glass holders that are visible on the facade to a minimum extent (about 2.5 cm + joint). At both in this type of facade, the window opening is done exclusively around the top horizontal shafts outward. These facades are part of large buildings business and shopping centers and are mostly synonymous with modern urban zone.
Curtain wall is the usual name for a facade made of light elements that are suspended from the supporting structure and hanging in front of it. Like a curtain wall represents the outer envelope of the building, it must satisfy certain internal space protection conditions:
. protection from atmospheric inpact
. thermal protection (a pleasant stay throughout the year)
. sound protection
. regulating the inpact of the sun's rays (illumination and sunshine)
. sealing
. fire resistence
You can find out more about facades in the section
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